Structure and Physiology of Abdominal Cavity in Humans Body

Mano Neon, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States, Email: neonmano@gmail.com

Received: 03-Oct-2022, Manuscript No. JCMEDU-22-77534; Editor assigned: 07-Oct-2022, Pre QC No. JCMEDU-22-77534 (PQ); Reviewed: 21-Oct-0202, QC No. JCMEDU-22-77534; Revised: 28-Oct-2022, Manuscript No. JCMEDU-22-77534 (R); Published: 04-Nov-2022

Description

The abdominal cavity is a large body cavity in humans and many other animals that contains many organs. It is part of the abdominal cavity. It is located below the thoracic cavity, and above the pelvic cavity. Its dome-shaped roof is the thoracic diaphragm, a thin sheet of muscle beneath the lungs, and its bottom is the pelvic inlet, which opens into the pelvis.

Structure and physiology

The stomach is on the left side, which is attached to the esophagus. Food enters through the esophagus, passes behind all the other organs of the chest cavity, then exits through the esophagus and opens into the stomach. In the stomach, the environment is more acidic, and the main processes of digestion begin. Food particles must be broken down before entering the small intestine.

The small intestine is about 20 feet long and runs behind the large intestine before forming a convoluted tube mass. The small intestine is divided into three parts: the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The duodenum receives particles from various organs, such as the pancreas. The pancreas produces the hormone insulin, which helps regulate blood sugar levels. The second part is the jejunum, which is in the middle of the small intestine. The final part of the small intestine is the iliac bone. It is associated with the large intestine. The ileum is connected to the ileocecal valve, which is the beginning of the colon. The large intestine, also known as the colon, is the last part of the Gastrointestinal tract (GI) and digestive system.

The liver is located in the region of the right rib cage and most of the epigastric region of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm within the chest. It is an organ of processing and detoxification. It filters the blood and removes waste and toxins from the bloodstream. The gallbladder is located on the lower surface of the right lobe of the liver. It produces bile, which is used to process fats in the body. A person can live without a gall bladder.

The largest lymphatic organ is the spleen, dark purple and located under the lower ribs on the left side of the upper abdomen. It filters red blood cells, removes old blood cells and cleans them. From the cecum (tiny tail) the appendix is formed. It is a small organ attached to the large intestine in the lower right part of the abdomen. Anatomists and medical professionals have traditionally considered the appendix to be a rudimentary organ. Later research suggests that it may have an immunological function. On the most dorsal side of the abdominal cavity there are two bean-shaped organs. These are the left and right kidneys. Kidneys filter blood and urine.

The urinary tract can be divided into the upper urinary tract and the lower urinary tract. The upper urinary tract consists of the kidneys and ureters, and the lower urinary tract consists of the bladder and urethra. The abdominal cavity is lined with a protective membrane called the peritoneum. From the inside, the wall is covered with parietal peritoneum. The kidneys are located behind the peritoneum, in the retroperitoneal space, outside the abdominal cavity. The viscera are also covered with visceral peritoneum. Between the visceral and parietal peritoneum is the peritoneal cavity, which is a potential space. It contains a serous fluid called peritoneal fluid that allows movement. This is clearly a gastrointestinal movement. The peritoneum, due to its connection with two (parietal and visceral) parts, provides support for the organs of the abdominal cavity.

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